曹操墓惊现河南安阳（双语）

爱思英语编者按：文物考古专家在河南安阳县喜获重大考古发现(archeological finding)，权威考古学家和历史学家经参考历史资料以及现场考证研究，最终确定这座东汉大墓即为文献中所提到的魏武王曹操高陵。专家指出，从此次发掘的墓穴位置，墓主年龄以及祭祀铭文等方面来看，该墓穴同史书记载的内容几乎一致。 
 
据传说，三国时期，魏武帝曹操为保护自己的墓葬不受盗墓者的侵犯，曾建造了72座疑冢。 Legend has it that Cao Cao, King Wu of Wei kingdom in the Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), had built 72 tombs to thwart tomb raiders.
然而专家们却一直对此表示怀疑，并坚信这只是人们虚构的说法，为的是反映出曹操本人就像经典《三国演义》中描写的那般狡猾多谋。如今他们找到了确凿的证据来证实这一说法并不准确。 Experts, however, have always doubted this, believing it was more a fabrication that reflected Cao"s political cunning as portrayed in the classic Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Now, they have come up with solid evidence to prove it wrong.

文物考古官员昨日证实于河南省安阳县西高穴村，发掘出曹操陵墓，令许多人感到惊讶的是，这座陵墓确实像文献中记载的那样简朴。 Archaeological officials confirmed yesterday the discovery of Cao"s mausoleum in Xigaoxue, a village in Anyang county of Henan province, which, much to the surprise of many, was indeed built as austerely as recorded in historical archives.

“挖掘工作已经持续了将近1年时间，我们将拿出更进一步的证据。但仅从已有的这些证据来看，我们能够断定这就是曹操的陵墓，”国家文物局文物保护司副司长关强在京表示。 "Excavation has been going on for nearly one year, and we"ll come up with further evidence. But even based on what we"ve got, we can tell for sure that the mausoleum belongs to Cao Cao," Guan Qiang, deputy director of the department of cultural heritage conservation at the State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH), told a briefing in Beijing.

专家们还挖掘出三具遗骨，经鉴定最终得出了他们的年龄：一名60岁左右的男性，两名女性，一位50岁左右，另一位年龄介于20至25岁之间。 Experts also unearthed bones of three people, through which they identified their ages: One male of around 60, and two women, one in her 50s and the other between 20 and 25.

专家们确信这名男性就是曹操，年长女性是他的王后，死于公元230年；同她的贴身侍女（那名年轻女子）一起被安葬在曹操墓中。 Experts believe the male was Cao, the elder woman his empress who died in AD 230 and was buried at Cao"s tomb with her close companion, the younger woman.

在过去的一年里，从这座占地740平方米的墓葬中，考古人员总共修缮了250多件文物， 其中有反映曹操统治时期社会生活的石画，刻有祭祀铭文的石碑，以及刻有“魏武王御用”的曹操的私人物品，一如出土的石枕上所刻的文字。 Over the past year, archaeologists have recovered more than 250 relics from the tomb that covers an area of 740 sq m. Among them are stone paintings featuring social life of Cao"s time, stone tablets bearing inscriptions of sacrificial objects, and Cao"s personal belongings bearing the inscription "personal belongings frequently used by King Wu of Wei" such as the one found on a stone pillow.

还有一点十分明了——该墓葬的建造及装潢十分简朴，这与史书记载十分一致：曹操曾下令，自己的陵墓要“因高为基,不封不树”，并且“无藏金玉珍宝”。 It is also clear that the tomb was built and furnished austerely, which is in accordance with historical records saying Cao ordered his tomb to be built "on non-arable highland, with no (pyramid-shape) mound or any plantation upon it", and "no treasures of gold and jade in it".

该墓穴距邺城（位于今天的河北临漳县西南处）只有几千米，历史上邺城是魏国的政治中心，这也成为证实此处就是曹操陵的有力证据，中国社科院考古学家刘青竹称。 The fact that the tomb"s location is only a few kilometers from Yecheng (to the southwest of today"s Linzhang county, Hebei province), historically the political center of Wei kingdom, is also strong proof that it is Cao"s tomb, according to archaeologist Liu Qingzhu of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

在邺城，曹操建造了著名的铜雀台，在那里乐手及舞女们为他宴请的宾客表演助兴。 In Yecheng, Cao built the famous Bronze Sparrow Terrace, where musicians and dancers would perform to entertain guests at his banquets.

在去世前，曹操留下遗言，希望自己的陵墓可以建在从铜雀台上可以望到的地方，这样子女怀念他时就可以登台思亲了，或者建在能够让自己的亡灵欣赏到铜雀台上歌舞的地方。 Before his death, Cao left word he wanted his tomb to be built in a place where his children could see from the terrace anytime they remember him, or from where he, as a spirit in the underworld, could enjoy the performances on the terrace.更多信息请访问：http://www.24en.com/

专家们承认墓穴的发掘工作才刚刚开始，鉴于曹操重要的历史地位，进一步的研究将表明此次考库发现的重大意义。 Experts agree that excavation of the mausoleum has just started and further research and study would prove the historical importance of the discovery, considering the important role Cao played in history.