手机版
您的当前位置: 首页 > 英语学习 > 口语 > 四级考试历年真题详解之一

四级考试历年真题详解之一

来源:口语 时间:2018-12-02 点击:

大学英语四级考试2006年6月真题精读笔记

Part Ⅰ Writing     更多信息请访问:http://www.24en.com/
             
一、审题谋篇    

就体裁来说,本次四级作文为议论文,话题是关于学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师,属于校园类话题。

根据提示信息可以判断本文为提纲式作文,据此可以把文章分为三段。首段介绍文章的主题“Some universities give students freedom to choose their own lecturers for some courses”。第二段进行事实说明,分析学生选择老师可能考虑的因素:教学风格(teaching style)、学术水平(academics)、个性(personality)、作业要求(assignments)等。由于篇幅有限,考生不能一一列举。应从中选取比较有代表性的、易于表达的,使用firstly,secondly…等词进行逻辑组织。第三段是结论段,从事情的两面性指出其positive and negative effects。

写作时,要选择适当的角度,最好使用第三人称进行论述,这样会让文章读起来更加客观,观点更容易被接受。

二、参考范文

Students Selecting Their Lecturers

An increasing number of universities are undertaking some changes by giving their students freedom to choose their own lecturers for some courses. This practice, ever since it comes out, has been very popular with students.

There are several factors influencing students’ choice of the lecturers. Firstly, an ideal lecturer should have an interesting and humorous teaching style, so that students can learn their subjects in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere. Secondly, a diverse academic background is also preferred since a knowledgeable teacher can greatly enlarge students’ scope of knowledge. Last but not least, a teacher with an agreeable personality is also desirable to students.

This practice undoubtedly has lots of positive effects on the present college education, as it can encourage students to take an active part in study and urges teachers to improve their teaching quality. However, it can inevitably bring some negative effects. For instance, some teachers may try to cater to the students’ interest to increase the popularity of their lessons, while ignoring the teaching plan, which may lead to the opposite direction of high education quality.

越来越多的大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师。这一举措,自施行之日起,就深受同学们的欢迎。

有几个因素会影响到学生对老师的选择。首先,理想的教师应该具有风趣幽默的教学风格,为学生创造一种轻松舒适的学习环境。其次,教师知识多样化也会得到学生的喜爱,因为一个学识渊博的教师会极大地影响学生的知识范围。最后但同样重要的是教师平易近人的个性,这在学生选择教师时也是颇具吸引力的。

该举措的实施无疑对当前的大学教育产生了很多积极的影响。一方面,它鼓励学生对学习采取更加积极的态度;另一方面,也会促使教师更好地改进自己的教学。然而,它不可避免地也会有诸多负面影响。例如,教师有可能只顾迎合学生的要求而忽视教学计划,从而背离高质量大学教育的目标。

三、范文点评

对题材的成功挖掘是写出好文章的前提。文章第二段具体选择了三种比较全面并具有代表性的原因。这样一来,段落层次分明又符合逻辑,是很成功的构思。文章最后一段正反两方面的论述也颇有深度。语言表述简练,没有语言错误。形容词、动词的选择多样化,富有变化。

【生动的用词】undertake实行;ideal理想的;diverse多样的;prefer喜欢;agreeable平易近人的;desirable渴望得到的;undoubtedly毫无疑问;inevitably毋庸置疑

【丰富的短语】cater to满足;lead to导致;be popular with受欢迎;have effects on对……有影响

【多变的句式】

本文行文过程中尝试着变换不同的句式,让文章读起来不那么枯燥。多种时态交叉使用,使作者思想清晰明了。如:“Firstly, an ideal lecturer should have an interesting and humorous teaching style, so that students can learn their subjects in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere. Secondly, a diverse academic background is also preferred since a knowledgeable teacher can greatly enlarge students’ scope of knowledge.”逻辑性强,语言功底深,为文章增添了亮点。

借助逻辑关联词,如since,as,however等,以及顺序关联词,如firstly,secondly,last but not least等,可使论述连贯,思路清晰易懂。文中最后一句是非限定性定语从句 “which may lead to the opposite direction of high education quality”,它的使用突出了作者鲜明的态度,且言简意赅,紧扣提纲。

四、避错指导

考生在本次四级考试写作过程中主要会出现一个问题:主题不明确。主题不明确的原因未必在于审题不当,而是由于不会写主题句。主题句如果过于宽泛概括,会影响考生集中精力阐述主题,甚至使考生下笔千言却离题万里。如本次写作过程中有些考生将主题句写成“possible ways to make the teaching more attractive”或“how to help students study better”等都会使论述偏离主题。避免此问题的办法是参照提纲写主题句,围绕主题句展开讨论。

行文过程中很多考生为了“展示文采”或是出于习惯,喜欢写一些长句或松散句,但很有可能所写的句子成分不全,或逻辑混乱。如:

1.Students can learn more professional knowledge what can give them best help in their future work.
【纠错】该句的主干成分为Students can learn more professional knowledge,其后的成分从语法结构上看应为knowledge的定语,what引导名词性从句不能充当定语,此处的引导词应为which或that。另外,learn一般不与konwledge搭配,说“学习知识”一般用get/acquire knowledge。
【改正】Students can get more professional knowledge which/that can give them best help in their future work.

2.Any university, that is blind to students’ interest in study, may fail to improve its education quality.
【纠错】该句两个逗号之间的成分应为非限定性定语从句(即定语从句与所修饰的先行词之间用逗号隔开了),其先行词为any university。虽然that可以引导定语从句修饰其前面的名词,但当该名词与定语从句之间用逗号隔开时,引导词应使用which,而非that。
【改正】Any university, which is blind to students’ interest in study, may fail to improve its education quality.

3.Some people believe that students pay a lot of attention to their lecturers even if they value their college education.
【纠错】even if意为“即使,纵然”,该词的使用令该句的逻辑出现混乱,因为even if作连词引导让步状语从句,如I will leave this company, even if I have to pay a high price. (纵然我会付出很大代价,我也要离开这家公司。)从逻辑上看,they value their college education应为前句的原因或条件。
【改正】Some people believe that students pay a lot of attention to their lecturers since they value their college education.
另外,考生在使用固定短语时的错误也比较普遍。如“在校园里”应为on campus,很多考生误写成in campus;“令人满意地”应为to one’s satisfaction,考生误用to one’s satisfied;“相比之下”应使用by contrast,考生误用by the contrast等等,不胜枚举。
总之,好的作文应在保证句子正确的前提下,尝试着变换不同的句式,从而让文章读起来不那么枯燥。但行文过程中要特别留意句子的结构和词语的固定用法,避免因表述不清或错误造成失分。

五、能力拓展

【同义词转换】
1.emphasize → put / lay emphasis on 强调
Universities should lay emphasis on students’ cultivation of their professional skills. 大学应该注重培养学生的职业技能。

2.face → confront 面对
However, teachers are confronted with more pressure to increase the popularity of their lessons. 然而教师面临着提高学生对自己课程的喜欢度的巨大压力。

3.good → beneficial / positive 好,有益的
The practice of giving students more freedom to choose their lecturers for some courses has produced lots of positive effects. 学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师这一举措已经产生了好的效果。

【话题备考锦囊】

1.Teachers may put more emphasis on exerting their influence on students. 老师会更加注重对学生施加影响。
2.There is no denying that this practice will appeal to students. 不可否认这一举措对学生很有吸引力。
3.A teacher who is skillful in delivering his lecture can undoubtedly inspire the mind of students. 一个授课熟练的老师毫无疑问会激发学生的灵感。
4.The freedom entitled to students can help them get into the role of being responsible for their study. 赋予学生的自由会帮助学生更好地为自己的学习负责。
5. We should take the possible side-effects into consideration. 我们应该考虑其负面影响。

【话题词汇拓展】
contributive            a.  有帮助的   
controversial           a.  有争议的    
diverse             a. 多种多样的
entitle              v.  给……权利
flexible                 a.  灵活的      
inspire               v.  鼓舞,激发       
pressure                   n.  压力
quality-oriented education     素质教育      
academic performance       学习成绩
be confronted with         面临,面对 
development of personality   个性发展
teaching method            教学方法

六、命题风向标

新四级考试并没有改变对写作的测试标准和要求,但在出题顺序上却做了明显的调整:写作作为第一项考查的内容,被提到新四级试卷的最开头,这令许多考生感觉不适应。

从命题类型上讲,06年6月24日的四级作文属于标准的现象解释题目,同时含有一些对比观点型题目的成分,其实就是现象解释与对比观点的结合。与之前的考试不同,这次考试在提纲上略显隐晦,它以“学生要考虑的因素”这种形式,在一定程度上向考生传达了“学生为什么要选择老师”的思想。这就需要考生对题材进行成功挖掘。另一方面,本次考试依然沿袭过去的做法,将“解决途径”和“现实意义”加以掩盖,让考生充分想象构思,增加难度。尤其是在谈到选择老师的影响时,出题者故意以双刃剑的形式——选择的好处以及所带来的问题双方面示人,借以刁难考生。

2006年新《四级考试大纲》规定:写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。因此与考生的学习生活息息相关的社会热点话题和校园话题成为新《教学要求》颁布后的主要命题范围。本次四级试卷,体现了“以学生为中心”的主题特点,学生普遍感觉亲切。根据考试改革方案和课程教学要求的相关规定,应用文写作、说明文和议论文仍将是新四级作文的主攻方向。考生平时应有意识地就他们感兴趣的话题进行思考和拓展,力争在实践中磨练敏锐的审题能力。

神马英语网—在线英语学习_免费英语学习 https://www.smyyk.com

Copyright © 2002-2018 . 神马英语网—在线英语学习_免费英语学习 版权所有 京ICP备10015900号

Top